Echocardiography has become routinely used in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with any suspected or known heart diseases. It is one of the most widely used diagnostic tests in cardiology. It can provide a wealth of helpful information, including the size and shape of the heart (internal chamber size quantification), pumping capacity, and the location and extent of any tissue damage. An echocardiogram can also give physicians other estimates of heart function, such as a calculation of the cardiac output, ejection fraction, and diastolic function (how well the heart relaxes).

• Transthoracic echocardiogram.
• Transesophageal echocardiogram.
• Stress echocardiography.
• Intracardiac echocardiography.

• Intravascular ultrasound.
• Strain rate imaging (deformation echocardiography).
• Three-dimensional echocardiography.
• Contrast echocardiography.